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Surface modification is the act of modifying the surface of a material by bringing physical, chemical or biological characteristics different from the ones originally found on the surface of a material. This modification is usually made to solid materials, but it is possible to find examples of the modification to the surface of specific liquids. The modification can be done by different methods with a view to altering a wide range of characteristics of the surface, such as: roughness,〔 ((Russian translation ) is available).〕 hydrophilicity,〔 ((Russian translation ) is available).〕 surface charge,〔Bertazzo, S. & Rezwan, K. (2009) Control of α-alumina surface charge with carboxylic acids. Langmuir.〕 surface energy, biocompatibility〔〔Bertazzo, S., Zambuzzi, W. F., da Silva, H. A., Ferreira, C. V. & Bertran, C. A. (2009) Bioactivation of alumina by surface modification: A possibility for improving the applicability of alumina in bone and oral repair. Clinical Oral Implants Research 20: 288-293.〕 and reactivity. == Surface engineering == Surface engineering is the sub-discipline of materials science which deals with the surface of solid matter. It has applications to chemistry, mechanical engineering, and electrical engineering (particularly in relation to semiconductor manufacturing). Solids are composed of a bulk material covered by a surface. The surface which bounds the bulk material is called the Surface phase. It acts as an interface to the surrounding environment. The bulk material in a solid is called the Bulk phase. The surface phase of a solid interacts with the surrounding environment. This interaction can degrade the surface phase over time. Environmental degradation of the surface phase over time can be caused by wear, corrosion, fatigue and creep. Surface engineering involves altering the properties of the Surface Phase in order to reduce the degradation over time. This is accomplished by making the surface robust to the environment in which it will be used. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Surface modification」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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